US Citizenship Test: A Detailed Legal Guide

Becoming a citizen of the United States is a significant milestone that many immigrants dream to achieve.
An important part of this process is the U.S. citizenship test.
Join us as we explore the components of the U.S. citizenship test and discover valuable tips to increase your chances of its successful completion.

Bradford H. Bernstein

This article was written and reviewed by Bradford H. Bernstein, a second-generation leader at Law Offices of Spar & Bernstein, P.C., who has helped over 100,000 clients with immigration and personal injury issues. Brad joined the firm in 1993, became a partner in 1997, and assumed leadership in 2000 after Harry Spar retired.

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Bradford H. Bernstein

What Is A US Citizenship Test?

The U.S. citizenship test, or naturalization test, is a crucial step in becoming a U.S. citizen.
Its purpose is to assess your knowledge and understanding of U.S. history, government structure and the English language and make sure you can contribute to the civic and cultural life of the country.

The Components Of The US Citizenship Test

The U.S. citizenship test consists of two main sections: the English test and the civics test.

English Language Component

The English exam consists of three parts:

• Reading: You will be given a tablet and asked to read aloud one out of three sentences correctly to prove your ability to read in English. The words you can come across include simple verbs, such as “meet” and “come,” names of places and presidents, such as “George Washington” and “the United States,” and longer phrases, such as “American flag” and “White House.” For more examples, check out the reading vocabulary list provided by the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS).
• Writing: You will need to write one out of three sentences read by the immigration officer correctly to show your ability to write in English. To do that, you will be given a digital tablet and a stylus. The words you can hear include names of people and places, such as “Lincoln” and “California,” months, such as “June” and “September,” and holidays, such as “Labor Day” and “Thanksgiving.” For more examples, explore the USCIS’ writing vocabulary list.
• Speaking: You will need to answer questions about your application and background to demonstrate your language proficiency.

Civics Component

You will be given up to 10 questions selected from a pool of 100 possible questions. They can cover topics about:

• The U.S. government — for example, the principles of democracy or the rights and responsibilities of citizens
• American history — for example, the American Revolution or important historical figures
• Integrated civics — for example, symbols and holidays)

To pass the civics test, you must answer correctly at least 6 out of the 10 questions asked by the immigration officer.

The questions may differ depending on your age, education, the time you lived in the U.S., and other factors.
For more valuable insights into the civics exam, check out our recent article about the U.S. citizenship test questions and answers .

Tips For Taking The US Citizenship Test

To help you handle the English language and civics components without stressing out, our experienced immigration attorneys at Spar & Bernstein have compiled several practical tips about each test section.

General Tips

• Arrive at the testing location well in advance to avoid last-minute stress
• Make sure you have all required documents, such as your Green Card, appointment notice, and identification
• Dress neatly to create a positive impression
• Remain calm to reduce the risk of making mistakes and show yourself in the best light during the test

Tips For The US Citizenship English Reading Test

• Make sure you understand the meaning of the sentence you’re reading
• Read at a steady pace and avoid long pauses
• Pronounce words clearly, and don’t worry about mispronouncing a few words

Tips For The US Citizenship English Writing Test

• Write slowly and clearly
• Write exactly what the officer dictates without altering or adding words
• Review what you’ve written for any errors

Tips for the US Citizenship English Speaking Test

• Answer questions clearly and confidently
• If you don’t understand a question, ask the officer to repeat or rephrase it

Tips For The US Citizenship Civics Test

• Listen carefully and ask the officer to repeat it if you don’t understand
• Think about your answers before responding
• Answer questions truthfully based on your study and knowledge.

Tips For Preparing For A US Citizenship Test

Preparing for the U.S. citizenship test can be challenging, especially with the pressure to master both English and civics knowledge.

So, what can help in the process?

• Use official study materials: Check the list of 100 civics questions and the flashcards provided by the USCIS.
• Take practice tests: Use practice tests to familiarize yourself with the format and types of questions and gain confidence.
• Join study groups or classes: Enroll in community classes or workshops focused on citizenship test preparation to review material and practice with peers.
• Improve your English skills: Practice reading, writing, and speaking in English daily. For example, you can read books aloud, write sample sentences, engage in conversations with English speakers, take part in online courses or enroll in books language exchange programs.
• Create a study schedule: Set aside regular time each day or week for studying. Divide the material into smaller parts and review them regularly.
• Use visual aids and mnemonics: To visualize important information, create flashcards, charts, and diagrams. To remember key facts and concepts, use mnemonic devices
• Stay informed about current events: Read news articles and watch news programs to stay updated on current events and government activities. Try to link current events to what you’ve learned about U.S. history and government.
• Prepare for the interview: Conduct mock interviews with friends, family, or a trusted attorney. Practice answering questions about your application and personal background.

What Happens After A US Citizenship Test

After you have attended your U.S. citizenship test, the USCIS will notify you about the outcome.

You may hear about your results on the same day or receive a written notice with your results within a few weeks.

Here is what to expect:

You Pass The US Citizenship Test

If you pass both the civics and English tests and meet all other requirements, your application for naturalization will be approved.

You Fail The US Citizenship Test

If you do not pass any part of the exams, you may be given a second opportunity to retake the test part you failed or the whole exam. Typically, the second date is scheduled within 60-90 days.

You Fail The Second US Citizenship Test

If you fail to take the exam after your second attempt or if there are other issues with your application, your naturalization application may be denied.

You can appeal the denial by writing to USCIS within 30 days of receiving the decision letter. Contact our immigration team at Spar & Bernstein for professional advice on your next steps.

Need Help With Your US Citizenship Test? Contact Spar & Bernstein

With six decades of experience in citizenship and naturalization, The Law Offices of Spar & Bernstein have helped thousands of people become U.S citizens.
From initial consultation to the final oath ceremony, our knowledgeable lawyers provide personalized support every step of the way.

In addition to checking your eligibility and helping you to collect and file the necessary documents, we help you prepare for the civics and English exams by conducting mock interviews and providing guidance about how to answer each question. In this way we make sure you are well-equipped to show your knowledge.

We address any legal obstacles that may arise and advocate on your behalf during interviews and appeals.

Whether you need assistance with documentation, interpretation services, or strategic advice, our immigration attorneys are committed to maximizing your chances of becoming a U.S. citizen.

FAQs About The US Citizenship Test

If you haven’t found the answer you’re looking for about the U.S. citizenship test, check out our FAQs section below.

How long does the U.S. citizenship test usually take?

The U.S citizenship test typically takes about 20-30 minutes. However, the time can vary depending on individual circumstances and the complexity of the case.

What should I do if I need to reschedule my U.S. citizenship test appointment?

If you need to reschedule your U.S. citizenship test, contact USCIS as soon as possible. To do that, use the contact information on your appointment notice.

What happens if I cannot attend my scheduled U.S. citizenship test appointment?

If you miss your appointment without notifying USCIS or rescheduling, your case may be delayed or even denied.

What happens if I move before my U.S. citizenship test appointment?

If you move while your naturalization application is pending, you must notify the USCIS about the change using Form AR-11, Alien’s Change of Address Card.

Is there an age requirement for taking the U.S. citizenship test?

To be eligible to take a U.S. citizenship test, you must be at least 18 years old at the time of filing Form N-400, Application for Naturalization. Read more about Form N-400 processing time.